Failure Analysis of Switching Scheme Failures in Loop Protect Multiplexer Telecommunication Networks at PT. PLN (Persero) UP2B DKI Jakarta & Banten

Abstract

PLN (Persero), through UIP2B JAMALI, relies on a loop-topology Loop Protect Multiplexer as its telecommunications backbone to support real-time SCADA, VoIP, and protection services. However, from 2022 to 2024, 36 switching failure incidents occurred in UP2B DKI Jakarta–Banten. This study analyzes the root causes, operational impacts, and recommendations for continuous system reliability improvement. The research employs a case study method and the PPDIOO approach to examine switching failures of the Loop Protect Multiplexer in UP2B DKI Jakarta–Banten. Data were collected through observations of fault history (2022–2024) and interviews. BER testing and QoS parameters refer to the ITU-T Y.1564 standard to formulate recommendations for improving the reliability of the 150 kV backbone network. Testing results indicate that under normal conditions, the system meets SLA requirements in accordance with ITU-T Y.1564, with stable throughput and zero frame loss. However, when one link fails, frame loss occurs during switching despite stable throughput, resulting in SLA failure. The root cause lies in a reactive and non-seamless switching mechanism, creating cross-layer impacts on critical services within PT. PLN (Persero).