Triana, E., Ade Irma Purnamasari, Agus Bahtiar, & Edi Tohidi. (2025). Improved Spam Email Detection Performance Based on Naïve Bayes Approach TF-IDF Vectorizer with Multi-Metric Optimization. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Engineering Applications (JAIEA), 4(3), 1667–1672. https://doi.org/10.59934/jaiea.v4i3.981